BIO267 - termer mikroalger

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• Phytoplankton Microscopic photosynthesizing planktonic algae
• Photic zone The area in the water where sunlight reaches and photosynthesis can occur
• Aphotic zone The area in the water where sunlight does not reach and photosynthesis cannot occur
• Diatoms Single-celled eukaryotic algae with a shell made of silica (glass)
• Dinoflagellates Single-celled algae with cell walls of chitin and a "body" with two flagella. Can be photosynthetic or mixotrophic. Abundant in tropic waters.
• Frustule The hard and porous cell wall made of amorphous silica or external layer of diatoms.
• Auxospore The large cell formed during sexual reproduction in diatoms, resulting in the shedding of the valves and construction of new larger valves.
• Coccolithophores Single-celled algae with calcium carbonate shells. Very much looks like a ball of buttons.
• Cyanobacteria Photosynthetic bacteria that can fix nitrogen. Usually blueish green. Produced oxygen for the Earth's atmosphere early in evolution.
• Picophytoplankton Very small algae (0.2-2 µm)
• intertidal zone the area between the higher tide and lower tide, this is the maximal place where the water can go.
• continental shelf A shallow slope from the shoreline. Has a lot of fish and life
• photic zone The area where the light can reach. Phytoplankton can photosynthesize enough for storing energy and surviving.
• Aphotic zone The area where light does not reach, the zone where photosynthesis cant really be done.
• twilight zone The area within the aphotic zone where the light starts to dim. Some photosynthesis can still be done but not enough to store energy.
• no light zone The area within the aphotic zone where light no longer reaches.
• The pelagic zone The water column of free waters away from the shore, where marine life can swim freely
• Neritic zone The shallow, shore-close region (on the continental shelf) within the pelagic zone. ca. 200 meters (660 ft) in depth, never leaving the photic zone.
• Oceanic zone The area of the ocean lying beyond the continental shelf.
• microplankton 20 - 200 micrometers
• Floating "devices" 1. Quick diffusion 2. Creating a larger surface area and lower volume 3. Lowering density with lipids
• epitheca/epivalve the larger, older and upper valve of the diatom or dinoflagellate.
• hipotheca/hipovalve the smaller, younger and lower valve of the diatom or dinoflagellate
• cingulum (diatom) the girdlebands holding the diatom valves together.
• valvocopula the girdlebands nearest to the valves
• cingulum (dinoflagallates) the "slit" on the dinoflagellates "body"
• How can dinoflagellates be motile? Motile dinoflagellates possess two flagella, making them capable of locally moving themselves.
• Silicoflagellates Unicellular photosynthetic, planktonic algae with a siliceous skeleton and a flagella, as well as pseudopodia.

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