Brain anatomy

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• Central nervous system Includes brain and spinal cord; controls most body and mind functions.
• Peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside CNS; connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
• Neural structures Various nervous system components, such as neurons, axons, synapses, and glial cells.
• Somatic nervous system Part of the PNS that controls voluntary movements and sensory information.
• Autonomic divisions nervous system Part of the PNS that controls involuntary movements such as heart rate and digestion.
• Cerebrum Largest part of the brain; responsible for thinking, memory, sensation, and voluntary movements.
• Brainstem Connects the brain to the spinal cord; controls basic functions such as heart rate and breathing.
• Cerebellum Located at the back of the brain; coordinates balance, posture, and motor skills.
• Upper cervical spinal cord Top section of the spinal cord (C1-C4); controls neck muscles and some autonomic functions.
• Diencephalon of the cerebrum Diencephalon of the cerebrum
• Medulla Medulla
• Pons Pons
• Midbrain Midbrain
• Posterior neuronal cell bodies Posterior neuronal cell bodies
• Myelinated axons Myelinated axons

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