lecture 1

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• location of highest centre in autonomic nervous system hypothalamus
• location of highest centre in somatic nervous system cerebral cortex
• location of lowest centre of autonomic nervous system parts of spinal cord
• location of lowest centre in somatic nervous systme all segments of spinal cord
• efferent neuron cell body in autonomic nervous system is located in: lateral horn
• location of efferent cell body in somatic nervous system anterior horn
• the autonomic nervous system has 2 neuron chain, and somatic has 1 neuron chain TRUE OR FALSE true
• nerve fibre type in preganglionic fibre B
• nerve fibre type in postganglionic fibre C
• autonomic nervous system is faster conducting than somatic nervous system TRUE OR FALSE false
• neurotransmitter in synapse between pre and postganlionic fibre in autonomic nervous system (neurotransmitter and receptor) acetylcholine, nicotinic receptor
• cotransmission is possibel only in autonomic nervous system TRUE OR FALSE true
• autonomic nervous system has 2 parts: sympathetic and parasympathetic
• lowest centres for sympathetic nervous system T1-L3
• sympathetic nervous system has ... ganglia which are located parallel to the spinal cord paravertebral
• in some cases the sympathetic nervous system can have ... ganglia which are far from the spinal cord prevertebral
• preganglionic fibres in sympathetic nervous system is often ... than postganglionic shorter
• in sympathetic: 1 preganglionic fibre innervates ..-.. postganglionic fibres 15-20
• sympathetic nervous system has ..., ..., ... as neurotransmitters (bokstavsordning) acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine
• symapto-adrenal system is when ... nervous system innervates the ... ... (copy) symapto-adrenal system is when sympathetic nervous system innervates the adrenal medulla
• main hormone secreted from adrenal medulla is ... epinephrine
• cells that secrete epinephrine in the adrenal medulla is called ... ... chromaffin cells
• adrenal medulla secretes ..% epinephrine (the remaining part is norepinephrine, dopamine and other metabolites) (write only a number) 80
• sympathetic nervous system cotransmission involves: ..., ... .., ... ATP, neuropeptide Y, norepinephrine
• parasympathetic nervous system has ..., ... as cotransmission acetylcholine, VIP
• lowest centres of parasympathetic nervous system is ..-.. of spinal cord and .., .., .., ... cranial nerves (copy) lowest centres of parasympathetic nervous system is S2-S4 of spinal cord and III, VII, IX, X cranial nerves
• in parasympathetic nervous system, the ganglia is ... (which is inside the wall of the innervated organ) or ... (copy) in parasympathetic nervous system, the ganglia is intramural (which is inside the wall of the innervated organ) or prevertebral
• the preganglionic fibre in parasympathetic nervous system innervates ..-.. postganglionic fibres 1-2
• the preganglionic fibre in parasympathetic nervous system is usally ... than the postganglionic fibre longer
• in the autonmoic nervous system covergence is present between pre and postganglionic fibres TRUE OR FALSE false
• epinephrine and norepinephrine are formed from ... which is an amino acid tyrosine
• phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase turns norepinephrine into epinephrine
• degradation of norepinephrine and epinephrine is done by ... ... in neuronal tissue monoamine oxidase
• degradation of norepinephrine and epinephrine is done by ... ... in non-neuronal tissue cathechol-O-methyltransferase
• degradation of norepinephrine and epinephrine forms ... ... ... which is excreted through urine vanillyl mandelic acid
• which are the 4 major adrenergic receptors? a1, a2, b1, b2
• what neurotransmitters are used for adrenergic receptors? epinephrine, norepinephrine
• which neurotransmittor is used for both Cholinergic receptors? acetylcholine
• which 2 types of receptors are cholinergic receptors? muscarinic receptors, nicotinic receptors
• what is the neurotransmittor and receptor allways found in the ganglia synapse? ... + ... ... acetylcholine + nicotinic receptor

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