Axial skeleton

Cervical vertebrae Vertebrae cervicales

Thoracic vertebrae Vertebrae thoracales

Thoracic skeleton Skeleton thoracis

Ribs Costae

Lumbar vertebrae Vertebrae lumbales

Caudal vertebrae Vertebrae caudales

Caudal notch Incisura vertebralis caudalis

Caudal extremity Extremitas cuadalis

Ventral crest Crista ventralis

Spinous process Processus spinosus

Transverse process Processus transversus

The body of vertebra Corpus vertebrae

Cranial extremity Extremitas cranialis

Vertebral foramen Foramen vertebrale

Cranial notch Incisura vertebralis cranialis

Cranial articular process Processus articularis cranialis

Caudal articular process Processus articularis caudalis

Root of the arch Pediculus arcus vertebrae

Dorsal plate Lamina arcus vertebrae

Two arches connected Spatium interacuale

Two notches connected Foramen intervertebrale

Dorsal tubercle Tuberculum dorsale

Alar foramen Foramen alare

Lateral vertebral foramen Foramen vertebral laterale

Transverse foramen Foramen transversarium

Caudal articular fovea Fovea articularis caudalis

Fovea for dens Fovea dentis

Wing Ala atlantis

Vertebral arch Arcus vertebrae

Dorsal arch Arcus dorsalis

Cranial articular fovea Fovea articularis cranialis

Ventral tubercle Tuberculum ventrale

Alar foramen (notch dog) Incisura alaris

Ventral plate Lamina ventralis

Caudal costal fovea Fovea costalis caudalis

Costal fovea Fovea costalis cranialis et caudalis

Transverse costal fovea Fovea costalis processus transversi

Mamillary processes Processus mamillaris

Costal cartilage Cartilagos costalis

True/sternal ribs Costae verae

False/asternal ribs Costae spuriae

Floating ribs Costae flucantes

Tubercle (ribs) Tuberculum costae

Head (rib) Caput costae

Neck (rib) Collum costae

Angle (rib) Angulus costae

Body (rib) Corpus costae

Knee of rib Genu costae

Costal groove Sulcus costae

Manubrium Manubrium sterni

Xiphoid process Processus xiphoideus

Xiphoid cartilage Cartilago xiphoidea

Body (sternum) Corpus sterni

Apex sacrum Apex ossis sacri

Pelvic fascia (lumbar vertebrae) Facies pelvina

Ventral foramen (sacrum) Foramina sacralia ventralia

Dorsal foramen (sacrum) Foramina sacralia dorsalia

Wing sacrum Ala ossis sacri

small tubercle (sacrum) Promotorium

Fused spinous process (sacrum) Crista sacralis medina

Accessory process Processus accesorius

Sternum (bird) Carina

Lumbar and sacral vertebrae fused together (bird) Synsacrum

Caudal segment (bird) Pygostyle

Additional process ribs (birds) Uncinate process

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