Chapter 6

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• What's evolution? A change in allele frequency over time
• phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more apparently unrelated phenotypic traits Pleiotropy
• measure of genetic diversity at a given locus Fst
• Selection that decreases the frequency of alleles within populations Negative selection
• Selection that increases the frequency of alleles in a population Positive selection
• In the absence of outside froces, allele frequencies will not vary from one gen to the next Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
• in a heterozygote, one trait will conceal the presence of another trait for the same characteristic. The Law of Dominance
• only one of the two gene copies present in an organism is distributed to each gamete (egg or sperm cell) that it makes, and the allocation of the gene copies is random. The Law of Segregation
• the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another The Law of independent Assortment
• Phenomenon arising when rare reccesive alleles become expressed in homozyguous states, which lower fitness Inbreeding depression

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