EKG107

The exercise was created 2025-12-03 by hanwer. Question count: 51.

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  • Source: Innovation Smith, 2024
  • Innovation categories Product, Process, Service
  • Source: Innovation Strategy Smith, 2024
  • Innovation strategy First mover, Follower
  • EX first mover eBay
  • EX follower Google
  • Source: Innovation policy Edler & Fagerberg, 2017
  • Innovation policy Mission, Invention, System, Market-failure
  • Mission- oriented policy Defense, Climate
  • Invention- oriented policy Support R&D, Universities, Research Councils
  • System- oriented policies Strengthen networks: Firms, Universities, Institutions
  • Market-failure policies IPR- protection, Public research funding
  • Advantages- Patents as Indicators Legal protection, Comparability across countries
  • Disadvantages- Patents as Indicators Not all innovations patented, Quality varies
  • NIS Indicators Patentes, R&D expenditure, Scientific publications
  • Source: RIS Deficiencies Tödtling & Trippl, 2005
  • RIS Deficiencies Organisational thinness, Negative lock-in, Fragmentation
  • Organisational thinness depends on Actors, Institutions
  • Negative lock-in depends on Industries
  • Fragmentation depends on Connection between actors
  • Organisational thinness countries Bulgari, Romania, Greece
  • Negative lock-in countries North East England, Sardinia
  • Fragmentation countries Poland, Slovakia
  • Source: Technology S-curve Smith, 2024
  • Technology S-curve early stage- slow, growth stage- fast, maturity stage- slow
  • EX Technology S-curve Mobile phone
  • Source: External Routes to Innovation Smith, 2024
  • External Routes to Innovation Licensing, Spinn-offs
  • Licensing Inventor keeps IPR, company pay to use
  • Spin-offs Company starts a business and sells it
  • Reasons to external routes Lack off Money, Knowledge, Resources, Reach
  • Source: Innovation Indicators Smith, 2024
  • R&D Expenditures Absolute spending on R&D
  • R&D Intensity Spending as % of GDP
  • R&D Expenditure countries US, China
  • R&D Intensity countries Israel, South Korea, Nordic countries
  • Source: Knowledge Bases In Cluster Porter, 1998
  • Knowledge Bases in Cluster Analytical, Synthetic, Symbolic
  • Clusters are geographic concentrations of companies and institutions in a particular field
  • Analytical knowledge is Science driven
  • Synthetic knowledge is Engineering, Problem solving
  • Symbolic knowledge is Creative, Culture
  • Analytical Knowledge sector Biotech
  • Synthetic knowledge sector Construction
  • Symbolic knowledge sector Art, Fashion, Design
  • Source: IPR Smith, 2024
  • Patents protect Technical Inventions
  • Trademarks protect Logos, Brand names
  • Copyrights protect Creative works, Books, Music, Film
  • Registered Design protects Visual appearance, shape, color
  • EX Patent Samsonite, Roxkin

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