Geography 1

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• What is milibars? are a unit of measurement used to express atmospheric pressure.
• What is isobars? isolines of equal pressure/contours reveal locations of high or low pressure.
• Wind direction influenced by? Pressure gradient force, coriolis force, and geostrophic winds.
• what are wind speed determined by? Pressure gradient, variable by location and season
• Define cyclone rising air, low pressure, surface convergence, cloudy skies
• Define anticyclone Sinking air, high pressure, surface divergence, clear, cloudless skies
• What are trade winds winds that blow from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere
• what is Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)? meeting point where two big winds from the north and south hemispheres come together near the equator. It's like two big rivers merging into one.
• What are westerlies? winds that blow from the west to the east in the middle latitudes of both hemispheres.
• What are jet streams? very fast flowing winds driven by temperature and the rotation of the earth
• what are Rossby waves? Planetary waves that stretch horizontally across the planet for hundreds of kilometers in a westward direction
• What are polar highs? high pressure cells develop over poles extensive, cold, sinking air and anticyclonic winds
• what are polar easterlies? Winds flowing east to west
• what are polar front? zone of low pressure between 50° N/S and 60° N/S
• What are La Nina? opposite of El Niño, as atypical cooling of waters off South America
• Habitat: A specific environment where an organism lives. Coral, savannas
• Niche: An organism who has a specific role. such as beavers
• Biome: :arge scale ecosystem characterized by distinct climate vegetation and animal life
• Biotic factors: living components within an ecosystem \
• Abiotic factors: Non-living components such as water
• What are factors that influence the distribution of different biomes? Climate, latitude, soil type, altitude, wind patterns, human influences
• what are stars fueled by? nuclear fusion
• when occur equinoxes? in march and september
• what should maps have? date, title, legend, scale, compass, location. data, source and projection type
• what is associated with high surface pressure? strongly descending air, very cold surface conditions
• what are associated with low surface pressure? strongly rising air, very warm surface condition
• when are the solstices? june 21 and december 21
• what are the four families of clouds? cirrus clouds, cumulus clouds, stratus clouds, and nimbostratus clouds
• what are the major components of the global water cycle? evaporation. condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration, and transpiration
• what are evaporation the process by which water changes from liquid to vapor
• precipitation nederbord
• what are runoffs? water that flow over reaching rivers and lakes
• what are infiltration water getting absorbed into the soil
• what are some major factors influencing climate patterns? Latitude, solar radiation, ocean currents, wind patterns, topography, altitude, vegetation
• How influence currents and tides on coastal weather? temperature regulation. moisture transport, storm intensity and tidal effects
• what are the koppen five major climate types? tropical (A), dry (B), temperature (C), contindental (D), and Polar (E)
• What are the 4 main mechanisms that lift air into the atmosphere? Orographic lift, Convectional lift, Frontal lift, Convergence

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