Mikrobiologi NBIA23

The exercise was created 2023-05-30 by Psykologen1. Question count: 50.

Click

Learn the words

Type

Spell the words

Listen

Listen

Games

Play games

Print

Exercise hard copy



Select questions (50)

Normally, all words in an exercise is used when performing the test and playing the games. You can choose to include only a subset of the words. This setting affects both the regular test, the games, and the printable tests.

All None

  • sphere shaped bacteria Coccus, Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • stick shaped bacteria (Bacillus) Rod, Escherichia coli
  • mixture between sphere and stick shape, a blob Coccobacillus, Bordetella pertussis
  • Spiral shaped, flexible Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi
  • Spiral shaped, rigid Spirillum, Campylobacter jejuni
  • Thread shaped bacteria, like yarn Filamentous bacteria, Nocardia asteroides
  • double coccus diplococcus
  • cluster/bunch (of grapes) coccus Staphylococcus
  • Twisted/chain coccus streptococcus
  • bundle (four on four) coccus sarcina
  • (groups of) four coccus tetrad
  • Archeal shape: Haloquadratum walsbyi flat squares
  • Archeal shape: Ferroplasma acidiphilum ameboid
  • cell size for prokaryotes (most are small, but there are larger ones too) 0,2-750 µm
  • cell size for eukaryotes 10-200 µm
  • What is the advantage of having more surface area relativ to cell volume than large cells? more efficient nutrient exchange and faster growth
  • What is the lower limit of cell sizes and why? 0,15 µm, not enough space for basic cellular materials ex: DNA
  • Common for all living organisms (Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya), but not everything with THIS is an organism. cell membranes
  • Elongation of the word Phospholipid Phosphatidylethanolamine
  • Bacterial cytoplasmic membranes consist of a Lipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
  • These are the linkages, present in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes ester linkages
  • These are the linkages, present in Archaeal cytoplasmic membranes ether linkages
  • One form of Archaeal cytplasmic membranes has Phytanyl as tail and is called Glycerol diether
  • One form of Archaeal cytoplasmic membranes has Biphytanyl as tail and is called Diglycerol tetraethers
  • One Archaeal cytoplasmic membrane has four cyclopentanes and one cyclohexane and is called Crenarchaeol
  • Archaeal membrane can have its phospholipids stuck together by the tails Lipid monolayer
  • Archaeal membranes can have the phospholipid layers separate Lipid bilayer
  • Bacterial membranes are lipid bilayers, while Archaeal membranes can have either bilayer, monolayer or both
  • Three functions of the cytoplasmic membrane are permeability barrier, protein anchor and energy conservation
  • This is what the membrane is "energised" by Proton motive force, PMF
  • Layer located outside of the cytoplasmic membrane cell wall
  • This is the function of the cell wall provide structural support to the osmotic pressure of the cell membrane
  • The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan with beta-1,4 bonds
  • Peptidoglycan has G and M, G is called N-Acetylglocoseamine
  • Peptidoglycan has G and M, M is called N-Acetylmuramic acid
  • Lysozyme is an enzyme that destroys the cell wall . it does not lyse cells, but it leads to lysis
  • What is the meaning of lysis? cellbursting
  • The gram positive cell wall is provided with rigidity by having Teichoic and Lipoteichoic acid that connects the cell wall and the cell membrane
  • The most unique feature of the gram negative cell wall An outer membrane with LPS
  • What is the space amongst gram negative cell walls called, in which you can find the peptidoglycan? periplasm
  • LPS Lipopolysaccharide
  • When staining a cell with a gram positive cell wall it gets the color blue since the iodine traps the dye inside of the cell wall.
  • When staining a cell with a gram negative cell wall it gets the color red since the the color is washed out and is stained by the safranin
  • LPS is otherwise known as this. endotoxin
  • LPS is made of three layers. Name them in the order of what layer is closest to the membrane Lipid A, Core polysaccharide, O-antigen
  • O-antigen, otherwise known as O-specific polysaccharide is at the end of the LPS
  • All bacteria have cell walls false - some have, false - no bacteria have cell walls, true
  • Various types of archaeal cell walls? pseudomurein, S-layers, polysaccharides
  • What is a cell envelope? components surrounding the cell, only for Bacteria
  • Components that can be part of the cell envelope Capsule polysaccharides, S-layer, outer membrane, cell wall/peptidoglycan, inner membrane, proteins and other molecules

All None

Shared exercise

https://spellic.com/eng/exercise/mikrobiologi-nbia23.11552755.html

Share